Standards & Research

We do not follow the standards. We write them.

There is a significant difference between an organisation that monitors AI regulation and one that participates in drafting it. BeEthical belongs to the second category.

Our team contributes actively to the technical committees where AI standards are written, debated, and finalised. This is not a membership benefit. It is a working role: reading drafts, proposing language, voting on decisions, and understanding precisely where a standard creates space for interpretation and where it does not.

That knowledge is what makes our consulting work different. We advise clients on the grey areas because we helped define where those grey areas begin.

Standardisation work

Active in the rooms where AI governance is being decided.

CEN-CENELEC JTC 21

The European technical committee responsible for drafting the harmonised standards that support the EU AI Act. Compliance with these standards gives organisations a strong legal presumption of conformity with the regulation. BeEthical serves as an active expert, not an observer, and directly leads the working group focused on foundational and societal aspects of AI. Our work here directly informs how we advise clients on governance architecture and ethics gap analysis.

ISO/IEC JTC1 SC42

The international subcommittee for artificial intelligence within the ISO/IEC joint technical committee. Standards produced here set global benchmarks for AI trustworthiness, risk management, sustainability, and ethics. The relationship between European and international standards is governed by the Frankfurt and Vienna agreements: standards produced at the European level cannot be contradicted or duplicated at the international level. Our presence in both bodies means we track both directions simultaneously.

AFNOR
French National AI Committee

BeEthical contributes to the national AI standardisation work in France through AFNOR, the French standards body. This involvement connects our European and international work to the national policy context in which many of our clients operate.

JTC21 Experts Map

The experts who write the rules, country by country.

In Europe, standards are central to how companies can lawfully bring AI systems to market under the EU AI Act, because complying with harmonised standards gives a strong legal presumption of conformity with the regulation’s requirements. Unlike what many might assume, only a relatively small number of technical experts actually take part in drafting these standards in committees such as CEN-CENELEC JTC 21, and it is precisely these experts that organisations need to engage with if they want to influence how the rules are shaped in practice.

In the map below, you will find all JTC 21 experts available for consulting in each country.

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Example iframe code
<iframe
  src="https://beethical.be/jtc21-experts-map/"
  width="100%"
  height="600"
  style="border:0;"
  loading="lazy"
  referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade">
</iframe>
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The names and country affiliations shown on the map are voluntarily shared. Absence from the map does not imply that any contributor or country has been overlooked. JTC 21 experts who wish to be added can contact be@beethical.be.

Institutional affiliations

A network built on substance, not on logos.

Association of AI Ethicists (AAIE)

BeEthical is a founding member of the AAIE, the first international professional association for AI ethicists. The association has developed a competency framework for the profession, conducted empirical research on what AI ethicists actually do, and is finalising a professional certification scheme. The European standard on the Competence requirements for professional AI ethicists (EN 18274) emerged directly from this work.

ethicists.ai

UNESCO · Future of Work with AI

BeEthical co-directs Future of Work with AI, an initiative developed in partnership with UNESCO examining the impact of artificial intelligence on work, labour rights, and organisational ethics. The project brings together researchers, practitioners, and policy makers to address questions that technical standards alone cannot resolve.

futureworkai.org

ForHumanity

BeEthical is the first European licensee of ForHumanity, a non-profit organisation dedicated to examining and mitigating the risks associated with AI, algorithmic, and autonomous systems. The partnership supports our audit methodology and connects our work to a global community of independent AI oversight practitioners.

forhumanity.center

Saïd Business School, University of Oxford

BeEthical’s founder contributed as expert to the Oxford AI Ethics, Regulation and Compliance Programme, an executive education programme for senior professionals navigating the intersection of AI governance and business strategy.

View the programme

Publications

Our consulting work is grounded in published, peer-reviewed research.

The questions our clients face are not new. They have been studied, debated, and published. Our team contributes to that body of knowledge, which means our methods are not proprietary black boxes: they are traceable, verifiable, and academically grounded.

Decision Problems for Regulatees under the EU AI Act: Contested Values, Uncertain Evidence, and the Limits of Standardisation

Tartaro, Obnasca, Panai · JIPITEC · 2026

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Boiling the Frog: A Multi-Turn Benchmark for Agentic Safety

Bisconti, Prandi, Pierucci, Sartore, Panai, Caroli, Zhu, Smith, Nannini, Galisai, Cifani, Giarrusso, Syrnikov, Nardi · PREPRINT · 2026

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Holistic Semantic Sustainability: Redesigning Organizational Sense-Making for AI Ethics Professions

Obnasca, Panai, Riva · Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking · 2026

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AI Agents Under EU Law: A compliance architecture for AI providers

Nannini, Smith, Maggini, Panai, Feliciano, Tiulkanov, Maran, Gealy, Bisconti · PREPRINT · 2026

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Before You Think: System 0, AI-Mediated Cognition and Cognitive Colonization

Chiriatti, Ganapini, Panai, Riva · PREPRINT · 2026

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Attention is not all you need: How AI is reshaping consumer attention and the future of brand strategy

Chiriatti, Ganapini, Panai, Riva · Harvard Data Science Review, MIT Press · 2026

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AI-Enhanced Nudging: A Risk-Factors Analysis

Ganapini and Panai · American Philosophical Quarterly · 2025

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White Paper on Regulatory Sandboxes for AI and Cybersecurity

Bagni, Longo, Simoncini, Baldini, Zarra, Mobilio, Panai, Riccio, Tartaro · PREPRINT · 2025

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Safety Frameworks and Standards: A comparative analysis to advance risk management of frontier AI

Ziosi, Gealy, Plueckebaum, Kossack, Campos, Saouma, Chaudhry, Soder, Stein, Caputo, Connor Dunlop, Mökander, Panai, Lebrun, Martinet, Bucknall, Weiss, Holtman, Paskov, Siddiqui, Barez, Zuhdi, Slattery, Ostmann · University of Oxford · 2025

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Leveraging technical standards within AI regulatory sandboxes: Challenges and opportunities

Tartaro and Panai · Chapter in “Regulatory sandboxes for AI and cybersecurity. Questions and answers for stakeholders”, Bagni and Seferi · 2025

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Who is an AI Ethicist? An Empirical Study of Expertise, Skills, and Profiles to Build a Competency Framework

Cocchiaro, Morley, Novelli, Panai, Tartaro, Floridi · AI & Ethics, Springer · 2025

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System 0: Transforming Artificial Intelligence into a Cognitive Extension

Chiriatti, Ganapini, Panai, Wiederhold, Riva · Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, Sage Journals · 2025

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Nullius in Explanans: an ethical risk assessment for explainable AI

Nannini, Huyskes, Panai, Pistilli, Tartaro · Ethics and Information Technology, Springer · 2025

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The case for human-AI interaction as system 0 thinking

Chiriatti, Ganapini, Panai, Ubiali, Riva · Nature Human Behaviour · 2024

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AI risk assessment using ethical dimensions

Tartaro, Panai, Cocchiaro · AI and Ethics, Springer · 2024

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The latent space of data ethics

Panai · AI & Society, Springer · 2023

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The Self-Synchronisation of AI Ethical Principles

Light, Panai · Digital Society, Springer · 2022

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Data ethics officer. A role to build.

Panai · Giornale di Filosofia · 2021

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Our standards work informs every engagement we take on.

When we advise you on AI governance, we bring the perspective of people who read the drafts before they became standards, who know the debates behind the language, and who understand what a norm leaves open as much as what it closes. You cannot get that from the final text. You can get it from us.

Bring us the norm you are wrestling with